Case 1

This is a CT study of the abdomen with non-contrast and post contrast acquisitions in the venous phase. It demonstrates enlargement and hyperdensity of the left common and external iliac, and the common femoral veins on the non-contrast study, with haziness / stranding of the fat surrounding these veins indicating peri-venous oedema due to acute inflammation. There is a lack of opacification of these veins on the post contrast CT images.  

I can appreciate focal compression of the proximal aspect of the left common iliac vein, where it appears compressed between the right common iliac artery anteriorly and the body of L5 vertebra posteriorly.

These findings indicate acute deep venous thrombosis of the venous segments I previously mentioned, caused by compression at the proximal aspect of the left common iliac vein; this condition is known as May Thurner syndrome.

I would contact the referring physician and discuss the possibility of referral to interventional radiology for thrombectomy and possible stenting of the left common iliac vein.

Incidentally, there is a small, round, hypodense, non-enhancing lesion in the spleen; this likely represents a pseudo-cyst. There is a similar, sub-centimetric hypodense, hypo-enhancing lesion in segment VI of the liver, which is too small to diagnose on CT yet has benign characteristics.